Method of lining converters.



No. 796,169. PATENTED JAUG.` 1, 1905. G. M. ALLEN.

METHOB 0F LINING GONVERTERS. APPLICATION FILED 1111111.31, 1904.

RENEWED JAN. 1o' 19c-z5.

2 SHEETS-.SHEET 1.

WITNESSES INVENTOR PATENTED AUG. 1,1905.

.l ALLEN. METHOD OPLINING CONVERTERS. OATIoN FILED MAR. s 1904.

. $51.162@ .Y Y o Naf/calce.

iNiTED sTATEs PATENT oEEioE0 1 CHARLES M. ALLEN, oE Loto; MONTANA, AssifeNo'a Tonnara -BAGGALEK or rrr'rseuae," PENNSYLVANIA.

METHOD oF Lmme. CONVERTERS. 4

Specification of Letters Patent.v

To (tu w/wml it may concern: i

y 'Be it known that I, CHARLES M. ALLEN, of Lolo, in the county of Missoula and State of Montana, have invented a new and useful Method of Lining Converters, of which the foll lowing is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this speciication, in which-- I -Figure l shows a longitudinal centra-l section of av converter which has been lined in accordance with my invention, and Fig. 2 is a vertical cross-section on the line II II of Fig. 1., Converters used for bessemeriziiig .copper have been lined with a silica lining which is designed to supply silica to act as a fluxin'gv material for the iron of the matte, and as the lining is thus destroyed by the reactions which take place duringthe process it must be renewed every few blows at a cost of about forty dollars for each relining.` This necessi- -tates the employment of a specialcrew. of men and theuse of a large number of spare converter-shells to make it possible' to carry on continuous operations.- I have discovered a method by which 1inings can be applied without delay and almost without cost and without the need of the large number of extra shells heretofore employed.

Indced,it becomes a source of prolit when practiced in such mannery as to utilize the princi ples of the invention broadly claimed by Ralph Baggaley in his Patent No. 746,260, asY

explained below. y f

In practicing my invention I distribute on the interior of the converter a coating or layer of slag or matte in a liquid condition, then apply thelining material to the coated/interior and cause it to adhere thereto, afterwhich it may, it' desired, be cemented with another addition of slag or matte. The advantage of this method lis, that it enables me to apply a liningiquickly and without cost, and the lining being relatively loose and open is in condition to combine readily with the iron of the converter-matte and to render the blow of short duration. This of course involves a more rapid destruction of the lining;v but in my process this does not detract from the ad- ,"-vantages which l derive, for the reason .that

the lining is so quickly and cheaply applied.

llcietoi'ororthe silica lining has been applied in admixturc with plastic clay, and the expense of applying it has led to a practice of also impairs its capacity forl combining with the iron of the matte, which is the necessary function ofthe lining, and when it is packed too' hard it is often necessary to discontinue the use of the converter' and reline it.

1 believe I am the first to apply an adhering open and unpacked lini g to a converter and desire to claim it broad y.

The drawings, which illustrate'the practice i of my invention, show-a tipping seppero-onI verter having a metal shell 2, to which, it .is desired to apply a silicious lining. To do this, the converter being heated, as it is after the charge is poured therefrom, I run into it from a smelting-furnace, foreheartli, or other con# con verter back and forth it is tumbled over thel layer b and adheres thereto in a layer c,- or I may spread the ore over the converter with a shovel or otherwise. A small quantity of molten matte or slag is then preferably poured linto the converter and beingvdistributed in likey manner over the lining completes the bonding of itsparticles. The slag or matte quickly sets, and, if desired, the setting can be hastened by blowing` air thereon from the twyers 3. L The silicious material'is thus held to th'econverter with sufficient firmness to serve the purpose of a lining and tosupply silica fluir to the charge beneath the bath opposite the twyers, where it is most efficient; but being open and unpacked it acts more readily and causes the converting operation to proceed more quickly than is possible with linings heretofore employed. In converters as, ordinarily constructed the entire surface, eiicept a portion d, Eig. 2, can be lined in this manner. f. A

Instead oi' lirstdistributingalayer of molten matte or slag overthe converter before applying the siliciousliningl may place the silicious material in the converter in quantity as de- Patentedug. 1, 1905.

packing it'firmly against the converter-wail. A This renders the lining more durable; but it sired and may eense it to adhere by pouring on it a Small volume-of molten slag or matte and allowing it to set Sufieiently to be retained in place.

The advantages of employing silieious ore es the material for the lining is that the velues ol' the ore are taken up bythe converter-beth.

Within the scope ot' my invention as herein claimed the operation may he modilicd, Since What I claim isl. The method of lining converters which consists in applying silicious material to the interior oieeonve'terby adhesion with molten xf'ieeous slag or mette; substantially es described.

2. The method of lining; Converters which consists in distributing silieious materiel on. the interior of the converter while its surface is covered with molten viscous sli-ig or mette; nubstantielly as described.

ln testimony ivhereof l here hereunto set' my lumd.

' CllitllJlCS M. ALLEN.

d'itnessesz ).flALeoLu L. lAnnoNiLn, lnmms Bniirzulclm. 

